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 Poisoning - deterioration in health, as a result of the interaction of the body with toxic substances coming from outside. Poisoning classification:
1) Food poisoning... Together with food, various microbes can enter the human body: salmonella, streptococci, staphylococci, which directly poison the body with their secretions (toxins). It should be noted that some of them are widespread, for example, botulinus - lives in the soil and in the intestines of animals, so it can get on any products that come into contact with the soil. When this bacterium enters an oxygen-free environment (canned food), it does not die when boiling, the bacterium releases botulinum toxin.
Prevention - fifteen minutes heat treatment.
The main signs of poisoning: abdominal pain, bouts of nausea and vomiting, loose stools (20 - 25 times a day), fever, chills, heart failure, fainting, convulsions, pressure drop.
First aid: rinse the stomach with water (5 - 7 glasses (immediately)) or milk, repeat 3-4 times after vomiting. In the absence of loose stools, a laxative is given: magnesia, Epsom salt, bitter salt, "ice" sulfate - 1 tsp. in a glass of water, 1 tablespoon of castor oil or petroleum jelly. Next - call an ambulance (03), save food until the doctor arrives.
2) Mushroom poisoning... Mushrooms are classified into three groups:
a) poisonous: pale grebe, false mushrooms, satanic mushroom, fly agaric, pig-dunka (contains poison that accumulates in the bones and causes destruction of blood cells (anemia)), morels, lines - contain gelwellic acid, which destroys blood and nervous system.
b) conditionally - edible (milky mushrooms) - milk mushrooms, waves. They require mandatory soaking for up to 3 days (frequent water changes) and 6 weeks of salting.
c) edible mushrooms can be poisonous if they are collected in the city, near roads (100 - 150 meters). If they are old mushrooms, if they are wormy.
Signs: abdominal pain, bouts of nausea and vomiting, loose stools. In case of pale toadstool poisoning - vomit in the form of coffee grounds.
First aid: personal safety. Rinse the stomach (5 - 7 glasses of water or milk), the patient in bed, warm heating pads to the legs and arms, continuous warm drink (strong tea or warm water), laxative. Next - call a doctor or ambulance (03). Save food.
3) Poisoning with medicines... These include:
a) poisoning with hypnotics and sedatives.
Signs: drowsiness, lethargy, lethargy, lack of coordination, loss of consciousness, respiratory arrest.
b) cardiovascular medications.
Signs: disruption of the heart, cardiac arrest.
c) antipyretic, anti-inflammatory.
Signs: general signs of poisoning due to kidney and liver damage.
First aid: personal safety. Check airway patency, breathing, circulation (pulse). If absent, cardiopulmonary resuscitation. After regaining consciousness - gastric lavage (activated carbon can be added to the water, the more - the better, there will be no overdose), the patient is in bed and on one side. Call an ambulance (03), keeping all packages of medicines.
Balashova N.I.
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